How does nitrogen affect plant growth?

Nitrogen is one of the most important nutrient elements in the process of crop growth, and it is also the most important nutrient element for improving crop yield. It has a very important position and role in agricultural production. A large number of research results have proved that in the process of crop growth, nitrogen fertilizer The level of application amount directly affects the growth of crops and the formation of final yield, and also significantly affects the physiological metabolism during the growth of crops. This paper focuses on analyzing the effects of nitrogen fertilizer on the growth, yield, physiological metabolism, and nitrogen accumulation of crops in order to provide a theoretical basis for the rational application of nitrogen fertilizer in agricultural production.

How does nitrogen affect plant growth?

For leafy crops, the level of nitrogen fertilizer application directly affects the growth of crop leaves. In crop cultivation, increasing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer can effectively increase the yield of leafy vegetables. From the appearance point of view, the leaf area of ​​leafy crops Significantly increased, and the color of leaves is more bright, which plays an important role in improving the quality of commodities. Due to the different organs of crops, the sensitivity to nitrogen fertilizer is also different, so the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the growth promotion of different organs is different. A large number of test results have proved that nitrogen fertilizer has the most obvious effect on promoting the growth of vegetative organs of various crops, especially leaves and plants. The root system, growth amount, and growth rate were significantly higher than those without nitrogen fertilizer. Taking the leaves of crops as an example, after nitrogen fertilizer is applied, the leaf area will increase significantly, which will significantly increase the photosynthetic area of ​​the leaves, which can also significantly promote the accumulation of crop photosynthetic products. For landscape plants, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied Increase, improve the leaf area, and also effectively improve the green space coverage. The root system is the direct absorption organ of nitrogen nutrition, and the root system is greatly affected by nitrogen elements. From the perspective of the change of root dry weight, the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on root growth is second only to leaves. Some crops that are sensitive to nitrogen fertilizer increase the root dry weight. It can reach more than 10%; the effect of nitrogen nutrition on the reproductive organs of crops is much smaller than that of the vegetative organs, and some experimental studies have proved that the application of nitrogen fertilizer can sometimes reduce the reproductive growth of crops. This phenomenon is particularly common in tomato cultivation. The research results show that when the nitrogen fertilizer application amount reaches 150kg/hm2, the yield of tomato will decrease by more than 5%. The analysis reason is that this may be related to the application of nitrogen fertilizer to promote the vegetative growth of tomatoes, resulting in poor coordination of vegetative growth and reproductive growth. In addition, nitrogen fertilizer makes plants grow thin, and the occurrence of diseases and insect pests will reduce the reproductive growth rate, which is also an important reason why nitrogen fertilizer will reduce tomato yield. Therefore, for crops with reproductive organs as the main product, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used must be moderate. While obtaining the highest yield, efforts should be made to improve product quality. At the same time, in order to improve the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, it is best to use a certain amount in agricultural production. of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. For crops that mainly rely on harvesting leaves, nitrogen fertilizer has a very obvious effect of increasing yield, and the economic benefits of nitrogen fertilizer application are also relatively significant. From the research results of cabbage, with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application, the effect of increasing the yield of cabbage is more obvious, but some treatments have a certain degree of pests and diseases, and the quality is also reduced to a certain extent, so in the application of nitrogen fertilizer, it is necessary to The optimal nitrogen fertilizer application rate should be determined according to the production needs, and the optimal application rate should be determined according to the specific goals of agricultural production.

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